Global politics is undergoing a significant transformation in the current digital era. Digital technology, especially the internet and social media, has changed the way countries and societies interact. On the one hand, digitalization offers new opportunities for diplomacy and public participation; on the other hand, new challenges emerge, especially in terms of security and information. One of the main opportunities is wider access to information. Social media allows citizens to engage in political issues in a more active way. Platforms such as Twitter and Facebook have become important channels for expressing opinions, sharing information and community mobilization. This provides an opportunity for social movements to develop, overcome political challenges, and press for policy change. For example, the Arab Spring showed how technology can be used to organize protests and disseminate information effectively. However, the main challenge comes from the spread of misinformation or misinformation. In the digital era, news can spread quickly, often without verification. This creates major risks to political stability and national security. The case of programming algorithms to manipulate public opinion explains how certain actors can influence election outcomes by spreading propaganda through digital campaigns. In addition, countries must respond to the increasing challenge of cyberattacks. Critical infrastructure, including election systems, is at risk of attacks that could undermine its democratic integrity. Diplomacy in the digital era also demands stronger international cooperation to create cyber security standards that can protect countries from external threats. Technological changes also affect international relations. Countries that are able to adapt to new technologies have a competitive advantage. This is leading to a race to dominate technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data. Digital economic development has become a major focus for many countries, while increasing the exploitation of skilled human resources. Global conflicts are also affected by the digital era. Information can be a tool of war, and disinformation is often used to achieve strategic goals. Therefore, it is important for countries to develop policies that not only encourage innovation but also ensure transparency in the use of information technology. Collaboration between government, the private sector and civil society is becoming increasingly crucial. An inclusive approach can help overcome these challenges. By listening to the voices of the people and creating space for dialogue, more effective policies can be guaranteed at the global level. On the economic side, the digital era is driving inclusive global economic growth. Developing countries have greater access to international markets through digital platforms. However, digital inequality remains a problem, with not everyone having access to the technology necessary to compete effectively in global markets. With all the challenges and opportunities that exist, it is important for countries to understand the dynamics of global politics in a digital context. Adjusting strategies and policies that focus on innovation, security and collaboration will determine how countries deal with these changes. These are times that demand resilience, adaptation, and a commitment to safeguarding democratic values in an increasingly complex landscape.
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